Wednesday, June 10, 2009

Exercise 11: Answer


  1. Conduct research on the Internet to find out what tools can be used to parse an XML document and ensure that the document is well formed and valid.

    The W3C website links to the following •parsers (both proprietary and open source)

    This provides links to sites for

    Not all of these tools will actually validate the document. It is a case of choosing the tool that is most relevant to the task you are using it for.

  2. XML schema is a forthcoming development of the technology. Visit the W3C website and search for information on schema. What are the benefits of adopting a schema standardized for a business sector?

    XML Schema is a language for providing and restricting the structure and content of elements contained within XML documents (Wikipedia)
    Adopting a schema standardized for a business sector will reduce the impacts caused by the prevalence of competing standards. Additionally it will reduce the burdens imposed on business by having to cater for multiple standards in their publication and/or consumption of web services.(zur Muehlen et al., 2005, p. 28)
  3. What are DOMs and why were they developed?

    (Wikipedia)DOM (Document Object Model) is an interface-oriented Application Programming Interface that allows for navigation of the entire document as if it were a tree of "Node" objects representing the document's contents. A DOM document can be created by a parser, or can be generated manually by users (with limitations).
    (Wikipedia)The Document Object Model (DOM) is a cross-platform and language-independent convention for representing and interacting with objects in HTML, XHTML and XML documents.
  4. Why are some developers using SAX instead of DOM for document processing?

    (Wikipedia)SAX is a lexical, event-driven interface in which a document is read serially and its contents are reported as "callbacks" to various methods on a handler object of the user's design. SAX is fast and efficient to implement, but difficult to use for extracting information at random from the XML, since it tends to burden the application author with keeping track of what part of the document is being processed. It is better suited to situations in which certain types of information are always handled the same way, no matter where they occur in the document.
    (Wikipedia)DOM is likely to be best suited for applications where the document must be accessed repeatedly or out of sequence order. If the application is strictly sequential and one-pass, the SAX model is likely to be faster and use less memory.
  5. SMIL is an application of XML. What is the purpose of this technology? Where does it apply?

    (W3C)The Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL, pronounced "smile") enables simple authoring of interactive audiovisual presentations. SMIL is typically used for "rich media"/multimedia presentations which integrate streaming audio and video with images, text or any other media type.
    (Streaming Media World)SMIL was created specifically to solve the problems of coordinating the display of a variety of media (multimedia) on Web sites. By using a single time line for all of the media on a page their display can be properly time coordinated and synchronized.
  6. The current recommendation of W3C is to use XHTML as an alternative to HTML.

    It would be nice to see the source of this recommendation. I cant say that I disagree with the sentiment.
  7. Do you think adopting XHTML is a wise move?
    The simple answer is YES.
    Since HTML's inception, there has been rapid invention of new elements for use within HTML (as a standard) and for adapting HTML to vertical, highly specialized, markets. This plethora of new elements has led to interoperability problems for documents across different platforms.(W3C)
    XHTML is a family of current and future document types and modules that reproduce, subset, and extend HTML 4.
    The XHTML family is the next step in the evolution of the Internet. By migrating to XHTML today, content developers can enter the XML world with all of its attendant benefits, while still remaining confident in their content's backward and future compatibility.(W3C)

References

Streaming Media World. SMIL. Retrieved 10 June 2009, from http://smw.internet.com/smil/smilhome.html
W3C. XHTML™ 1.0 The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition). Retrieved 10 June 2009, from http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/
W3C. Synchronized Multimedia. Retrieved 10 June 2009, from http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/
Wikipedia. Document Object Model. Retrieved 10 June 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_Object_Model
Wikipedia. Semantic Web. Retrieved 10 June 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Web
Wikipedia. XML. Retrieved 10 June 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML_parser
zur Muehlen, M., Nickerson, J. V., & Swenson, K. D. (2005). Developing web services choreography standards—the case of REST vs. SOAP. Decision Support Systems, 40(1), 9-29.
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